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{"id":2414,"date":"2018-10-16T12:40:01","date_gmt":"2018-10-16T10:40:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/citadellesduvertige2.aude.fr\/?page_id=2414"},"modified":"2021-06-25T16:42:23","modified_gmt":"2021-06-25T14:42:23","slug":"apres-le-traite-des-pyrenees-1659","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/citadellesduvertige.aude.fr\/apres-le-traite-des-pyrenees-1659\/","title":{"rendered":"Apr\u00e8s le trait\u00e9 des Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es (1659)"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator color=\u00a0\u00bbcustom\u00a0\u00bb accent_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb][vc_custom_heading text=\u00a0\u00bbAPR\u00c8S LE TRAIT\u00c9 DES PYR\u00c9N\u00c9ES (1659)\u00a0\u00bb font_container=\u00a0\u00bbtag:h1|text_align:center|color:%23000000″ google_fonts=\u00a0\u00bbfont_family:Roboto%20Condensed%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C700%2C700italic|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal\u00a0\u00bb][vc_separator color=\u00a0\u00bbturquoise\u00a0\u00bb border_width=\u00a0\u00bb3″ el_width=\u00a0\u00bb10″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u00a0\u00bbstretch_row_content\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1547480813014{background-color: #f2f2f2 !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column offset=\u00a0\u00bbvc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs\u00a0\u00bb][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb3040″ img_size=\u00a0\u00bb1600*200″ alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u00a0\u00bbstretch_row_content\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1547480813014{background-color: #f2f2f2 !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column offset=\u00a0\u00bbvc_hidden-lg vc_hidden-md\u00a0\u00bb][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb1939″ img_size=\u00a0\u00bblarge\u00a0\u00bb alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u00a0\u00bbstretch_row_content\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1547480828774{padding-right: 25px !important;padding-left: 25px !important;background-color: #f2f2f2 !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2″][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbpagehistoire\u00a0\u00bb]En signant le 7 novembre 1659 le trait\u00e9 des Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es<\/strong>, l\u2019Espagne et la France mettent fin \u00e0 une guerre qui a d\u00e9but\u00e9 en 1635. Il consacre le d\u00e9placement de la fronti\u00e8re franco-espagnole vers le sud, au-del\u00e0 du Roussillon, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la ligne de cr\u00eate des Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es et parfois un peu au-del\u00e0 (Cerdagne).<\/p>\n

En cons\u00e9quence, les forteresses de la s\u00e9n\u00e9chauss\u00e9e de Carcassonne perdent leur r\u00f4le frontalier et leur usage militaire se r\u00e9duit fortement. Plusieurs d\u2019entre elles gardent cependant une garnison, d\u2019autres sont abandonn\u00e9es\u00a0; toutes le sont d\u00e9finitivement \u00e0 la R\u00e9volution. Peu \u00e0 peu, l\u2019histoire de ces sites spectaculaires glisse dans l\u2019imaginaire collectif, voire dans la l\u00e9gende.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1547481019540{padding-right: 25px !important;padding-left: 25px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/6″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″][vc_custom_heading text=\u00a0\u00bbROMANTISME ET PATRIMOINE\u00a0\u00bb font_container=\u00a0\u00bbtag:h2|font_size:35|text_align:left|color:%23f05922″ google_fonts=\u00a0\u00bbfont_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:600%20bold%20regular%3A600%3Anormal\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbpagehistoire\u00a0\u00bb]Au XIXe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, le go\u00fbt romantique pour les ruines et le pass\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e9val, favorise la naissance des \u00ab voyages pittoresques \u00bb \u00e0 travers la France. Il\u00a0 rec\u00e8le de monuments \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir et \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger. C\u2019est ce mouvement qui conduit, en 1830, \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation du poste d\u2019inspecteur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des monuments historiques. Il est occup\u00e9 \u00e0 partir de 1834, par l\u2019\u00e9crivain Prosper M\u00e9rim\u00e9e<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Dans ce contexte, la \u00ab\u00a0red\u00e9couverte\u00a0\u00bb de la Cit\u00e9 de Carcassonne<\/a>, alors vou\u00e9e \u00e0 la d\u00e9molition apr\u00e8s son d\u00e9classement comme place de guerre, va \u00eatre suivie d\u2019un chantier de restauration colossal. Il est men\u00e9 par l\u2019architecte Eug\u00e8ne Viollet-le-Duc<\/strong> et ses successeurs. La cath\u00e9drale Saint-Nazaire (class\u00e9e en 1840) est restaur\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de 1844, et la Cit\u00e9 (fortifications class\u00e9es en 1849) \u00e0 partir de 1853. Eug\u00e8ne Viollet-le-Duc s\u2019appuie, pour ses restaurations, sur toutes les donn\u00e9es objectives dont il dispose, sur une analyse minutieuse du monument qu\u2019il a relev\u00e9 en d\u00e9tail.[\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=\u00a0\u00bbUN NOUVEL ATTRAIT POUR LE PATRIMOINE M\u00c9DI\u00c9VAL FRAN\u00c7AIS\u00a0\u00bb font_container=\u00a0\u00bbtag:h2|font_size:35|text_align:left|color:%23f05922″ google_fonts=\u00a0\u00bbfont_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:600%20bold%20regular%3A600%3Anormal\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbpagehistoire\u00a0\u00bb]Dans le m\u00eame temps, le nouvel attrait pour le patrimoine m\u00e9di\u00e9val fran\u00e7ais pousse les visiteurs jusque dans les ch\u00e2teaux haut perch\u00e9s des environs : des graffiti t\u00e9moignent de leur pr\u00e9sence dans les ch\u00e2teaux de Lastours<\/a> d\u00e8s la fin du XIXe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle. Les unes apr\u00e8s les autres, ces forteresses sont class\u00e9es monuments historiques\u00a0: Monts\u00e9gur<\/a> d\u00e8s 1862, Puilaurens<\/a> en 1902, Lastours<\/a> en 1905, Qu\u00e9ribus<\/a> en 1907 et Peyrepertuse<\/a> en 1908.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"

Eug\u00e8ne Viollet-le-Duc (1814-1879), portrait de Nadar.<\/p><\/div>[\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=\u00a0\u00bbREGARDS CONTEMPORAINS\u00a0\u00bb font_container=\u00a0\u00bbtag:h2|font_size:35|text_align:left|color:%23f05922″ google_fonts=\u00a0\u00bbfont_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:600%20bold%20regular%3A600%3Anormal\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbpagehistoire\u00a0\u00bb]Dans la seconde moiti\u00e9 du XXe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, une s\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e, La Cam\u00e9ra explore le temps<\/em>, et plusieurs publications, popularisent l\u2019histoire du catharisme. Elles en font un \u00e9l\u00e9ment identitaire du Languedoc, en donnant lieu parfois, \u00e0 une reconstruction mythique du pass\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Mais \u00e0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1970, par t\u00e2tonnements successifs, des coups de boutoir vont \u00eatre port\u00e9s \u00e0 ce fameux mythe des \u00ab ch\u00e2teaux cathares \u00bb dans l\u2019Aude. Elles\u00a0 apportent la preuve, par l\u2019architecture, qu\u2019il s\u2019agit en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de forteresses royales. Elles sont construites apr\u00e8s la croisade contre les Albigeois au XIIIe<\/sup> si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n

Selon les principes de d\u00e9fense active initi\u00e9s sous le r\u00e8gne de Philippe Auguste.<\/strong> La valeur symbolique attribu\u00e9e commun\u00e9ment par le grand public \u00e0 ces ch\u00e2teaux dits \u00ab cathares \u00bb repose donc sur un grand malentendu.[\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=\u00a0\u00bbMISE EN VALEUR DES CH\u00c2TEAUX CATHARES\u00a0\u00bb font_container=\u00a0\u00bbtag:h2|font_size:35|text_align:left|color:%23f05922″ google_fonts=\u00a0\u00bbfont_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:600%20bold%20regular%3A600%3Anormal\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbpagehistoire\u00a0\u00bb]\u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1990, une mise en valeur syst\u00e9matique des ch\u00e2teaux est entreprise. Elles comprennent des travaux de restauration, de d\u00e9gagement des acc\u00e8s, de cr\u00e9ation de centres d\u2019accueil des visiteurs, etc. Notamment aux ch\u00e2teaux de Peyrepertuse<\/a>, Lastours<\/a>, Puilaurens<\/a>, Qu\u00e9ribus<\/a> et Monts\u00e9gur<\/a>.<\/p>\n

La marque \u00ab\u00a0Pays cathare<\/strong><\/a> \u00bb est d\u00e9pos\u00e9e par le conseil d\u00e9partemental de l\u2019Aude. Elle accompagne un vaste programme de d\u00e9veloppement touristique et culturel durable, \u00e0 des fins identitaires et touristiques. Les sites des ch\u00e2teaux sont aujourd\u2019hui devenus des rep\u00e8res visuels sur des parcours touristiques et des symboles majeurs d\u2019une identit\u00e9 r\u00e9gionale contemporaine.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/6″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2″]

\r\n\t\t\t
<\/span><\/a>

L'affirmation du pouvoir royal<\/a><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2″]
\r\n\t\t\t

Voir architecture philippienne<\/a><\/h4><\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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